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A piece of history

Makedonia is one of the most glorious, maybe the most glorious place of HELLAS (Greece), because from this area began the expedition of king of Hellas ALEXANDROS the C'(Alexander) the Great (most famous person of world history) for the extension of Hellenism until river Indo and the spreading of Hellenic language and Hellenic culture in all the known world.
Hellenic(greek) of Makedonia proved by Hirodotos who wrote (E,22) "Makedones believe and want to say Hellenes from period of establishment of Makedonian country from PERDIKA the A'
(700 B.C)".
Known ancient geographer-historic STRAVON wrote in 20A.C "MAKEDONIA is also HELLAS".
Also name became from makos=tall because it was true Makedones are more tall than southern Hellenes. Today we use the word makris=tall from the ancient word makos. They also took at Olympic Games of Olympia which is known that only Hellenes(Greeks) took parts in games.
Names like ALEXANDROS (Alexander in english) the A' (498-454 B.C), ARCHELAOS (413-399 B.C) kings of Makedonia took apart in Olympic games and were olympic winners with crown of olives.
But we must remind that Makedonia was lived by autokhthonous Pelasgians (Hellenes): Pierian and Peaonian (theceans) races, renamed after thousands years. They were the descendants of Petralona's archeanthropos. So before historic era there was no area with name "Makedonia" ,but a group of areas with specific race. Thus we has Peaonia (the north Makedonia "country of Skopia"), Pieria (around mountain Olympos).
AESCHILOS said that all Makedonia and Pindos(mountain) were Pelasgic. Also Makedonic dialect was close to Aeolian, means close to Pelasgic.
As Homer wrote in Hiliada, Pieries and Peaones taked part to Troia, against to Danaos(south Hellenes).
Mythology says:
Makedon was son of Pandora ,daughter of Pelasgian couple Deukalion and Pyrphas.
Makedonia before historic era.
Before 150,000,000 - 140,000,000 year appeared the first land in the world from the sea. It was the famous mountain of OLYMPOS. And then the rest mountains Himalayas. This proved by geology today.
Before 9,000,000 - 11,000,000 year (+1,000,000 or -1,000,000 years) ago had lived at the area of TR'GLIA in CHALKIDIKI (MAKEDONIA) the first standing and the oldest man in the world. He was the famous Homo Erectus Trilliensis. He was 1,20 - 1,30 meters tall, and he used processed tools for hunting. He is the oldest Homo Erectus Trilliensis in the world. They have found bones of this man (by anthropologist ARIS POULIANOS) and NASA dated.
Before 3,000,000 - 3,500,000 year ago local people used tools for hunting. Poulianos(anthropologist) has found in PTOLEMAI'DA (village Perdika) an elephant, the Elephas of Perdika. It was died by men who had been blinded by sharp processed bones, and then had been broken the head of elephant (by strong tools). The meat of elephas had been cutted also by stoned knifes (which found).
About 1,000,000 year is age of the first human fire in the world. It found in cave of Petralona (by anthropologist Aris Poulianos) over the 24th level. It has been dated by the method of layer-surface (which is very accurate). Also has been dated by the method of electronic turn-onrush.
Before 700,000 years (+-30,000 year) had lived in PETRALONA of CHALKIDIKI another man the archeanthropos (ancient-man) of PETRALONA. He was Homo Sapiens, the ancestor of present European (and all of human). The origin of language of Hellenes (and European) and all the other languages of world began from ancient-man of PETRALONA. He was using very well tools, knew fire and language, has a whole community and was working in distributed teams of work. Poulianos found all the body and the head of Archeanthropos. The age of Archeanthropos was 32 years old (the normal age was 18-20 years, so he was very old). In other words he had normal civilization. So Hellenic place is the cradle of human being and not Africa!
About 5250 B.C is the first writing which found in wooden-petrifed plate of DISPILIO (in lake of Kastoria). It has been dated by nuclear labs of Dimocritus, using the method of C-14. The writing it looks alike Linear A (the evolution of DISPILIO). Founded also a stone with writing about 5230 B.C. The writings were in prehistoric city of DISPILIO. Residents of DISPILIO made bread, and had organized community. Community had 5000 people and live in safe house next the lake, hunting, fishing, cultivated their land, made weapons and tools from different materials by stones "opsidianos" from the island Milos. It proves they had contact from the sea and land quarries and trade.
At the same place found world-wide the oldest musician instrument ,a boned flute of 6th millennium B.C. Which means they had music festivals dance and culture.
In 2200-2100 B.C some Hellenic races had returned to their's homeland and have settled in North Pindos.
Classic and Hellenistic period.
By the 8th century pleople of EVIA from CHALKIDA and HERE'TRIA builded new colonies in CHALKIDIKI, and from now on it will has present name (CHALKIDIKI) from CHALKIDA. Later on builded new colonies by MAKEDONIA, ATHINE(ATHENS), KORINTHOS, and island ANDROS which gave a great development.
The founder of Makedonian country is PERDIKAS A' at the beginning of 7th century.
About 7th century B.C ORESTI'S (today named KASTORIA) was the cradle of Makedonian dynasty of ARGIADON and TIMENIDON. Possibly from ARGOS ORESTIKO of south KASTORIA' and not from ARGOS in PELLOPONISOS. This proves that they had the same ethniclanguage origin of Makedones(citizens of Makedonia) and other Hellenic reces of south. It proves also "Makedonia was and is only Hellenic".
Between 7th and 6th century, Makedones moved eastern from ORESTIS or ORESTIADA and settled to the area of PIERIA, VOTTIEA (VERMIO today), EORDE'A (PTOLEMAIDA) and ALMOPI'A (ARIDEA).
PERDIKAS the A' or possibly king after PERDIKA built the new calital, AEGES (means place where water well up).
PERDIKA's son ARGAEOS 652-621 B.C and the rest kings PHILIPPOS the A' 621-588 B.C and AE'ROPOS 588-568 B.C stopped the attacks of Hillyrion.
King ALKE'TAS 568-540 B.C and AMY'NTAS A' 540-498 B.C moved into the bountaries of CHALKIDIKI.
ALEXANDROS A' 498-454 B.C conquered some other places. He was man who informed the south Hellenes for Persean king's Xerxis plans in battle of PLATEON because he felt Hellenas(Greek). He pushed by Xerxis to expeded by him against to rest Hellenes.
By the Persean war, Xerxis king of Persia builded at the peninsula of ATHOS one isthmus (480 B.C) to avoided dangerous sailing around from ATHOS, and one possible destruction like his general Mardonio (492 B.C). At the builded of isthmus pushed local people to helped him giving him soldiers ships for his war against the rest Hellenes of south HELLA'S. But after his fleet defeat in SALAMINA, people of CHALKIDIKI revolted with very bad results in OLYNTHOS by general Artavazo.
The son of PERDIKA the B' named ARCHELAOS the A' 413-399 B.C had very good relationships with ATHINE(ATHENS) after war of SYRAKOUSES-ATHINE. He separated his country in peripheral cities for better commanding.
In 400 B.C ACHE'LAOS the A' builded the capital of country call PELLA which had short distance from the sea, and decorated it with great buildings. He organized his army better than the previous kings. He called EURIPI'DIS at his palace to write new plaies for theater. EURIPIDIS wrote "VAKCHES" and "ARCHELAOS".
PHILIPPOS B' father of ALEXANDROS C' (Alexander) the Great in 386-336 B.C was the founder of the great single country of MAKEDONIA. He developed an admirable strategy-economy-deplomacy with aim (for the first time) to united all Hellas in one country and not in city-country.
In 349 B.C siege and catastrophe of OLYNTHOS city of CHALKIDIKI by PHILIPPOS B' because they did not want to united in one ethnic country for all the Hellenes(greeks).
But ATHINE and THIVA tried to resisted him and in 338 B.C became the battle of HERONIA between ATHI'NE - THI'VA and northern Hellenes(Makedones) where PHI'LIPPOS B' won. Also ALEXANDROS the C' the Great at the age of 18years old figthed on his father side as the commander of special soldiers of army.
In 336 B.C PHILIPPOS B' prepared the united Hellenic expedition to Persean empire, murdered by Persian king tring to stopped him.
His expedition followed by ALEXANDROS C' the Great and 334 B.C crossed HELLESPONTOS (DARDANELLES) commanding of Hellenic corp counted 30000 infantry and 5000 cavalry. Infantry included by 12000 Makedones who consisted the Makedonian PHALANX. Another 12000 were the infantry and PELTASTES who came from other Hellenic cities. The rest 6000 were light armed warriors with javelins from Hellenic Thrakic race of ARIAGNES(named today POMA'KI), archers came from KRITI(Kreta) and PELTASTES came form TRAKI(Thrace). Cavalry contained Makedones special bodyguards of king named ETAIROI numbered in 2000, 1800 from THESSALIA and some troops of cavalry from south Hellas-THRAKIC races (PEONES...) .
In 334 B.C became the 1st battle and victory of ALEXANDROS the C' the Great in river GRANIKOS against king of Persia Darius.
In 333 B.C became the 2nd battle and victory of ALEXANDROS the C' the Great in river ISSOS against king of Persia Darius.
About 332 B.C the siege and occupation of city Tyros in Phiniki(Lebanon) by ALEXANDROS the C' the Great.
In 331 B.C the 3rd battle and victory of ALEXANDROS the C' the Great in GAVGAMILA against Darius.
In 326 B.C the battle and difficult victory of ALEXNDROS the C' the Great in river HYDASPIS(of India) against India.
13 June of 323 B.C, ALEXANDROS the C' the Great murdered in Babylon by Chaldeus(Jews controlled the Persian religion) because they had been lost their power at the area. This proves by books "ALEXANDROS ANAVASIS" of ARRIANOS(ARRIAN) 2nd century A.C, and by DIODOROS SIKELIOTIS. Also PLOUTARCHOS had written for the murder.
In 315 B.C builded city of THESSALONIKI by the king KASSANDROS (ex-general of ALEXANDROS the Great and husband of his sister) united 36 communities around THERMAIKOS gulf.
Makedonia kept Hellenic for 200years with local kings and resisted for 50years agains to Rome.
PHILIPPOS the E'197 B.C lost the battle of KYNOS KEFALES, and prepered for the next battle died. And crowned his son(PERSEUS) as king who continued the preperation.

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